Sorbitan Esters (Spans) are manufactured by direct esterification of sorbitan (sorbitol anhydride) with food-grade fatty acids.
The family includes Sorbitan Monolaurate (Span 20, E493), Monopalmitate (Span 40, E495), Monostearate (Span 60, E491), Tristearate (Span 65, E492) and Monooleate (Span 80, E494), all low-HLB lipophilic emulsifiers used in W/O systems and as co-surfactants with polysorbates.